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The additional Fe–Cl coordination improves the instrinsic ORR activity compared with normal FeNx SAC, evidenced by density functional theory calculations, the measured ORR half-wave potential (E1/2, 0.818 V), and excellent membrane electrode assembly performance. The synthesized FeN4Cl SAC likely contains the FeN4Cl active sites in the carbon matrix. Herein, the chlorine (Cl) is used to adjust the Fe–Nx active center via a near-range coordinated interaction. However, most strategies use uncontrolled long-range interactions with heteroatoms on the Fe–Nx substrate, and thus the effect may not precisely control near-range coordinated interactions. Nowadays, efforts have been devoted to modulating the electronic structure of metal single-atomic sites for enhancing the catalytic activities of Fe–N–C SACs, like doping heteroatoms to modulate the electronic structure of the Fe–Nx active center. We further demonstrate reproducible shifting in affinity over multiple cycles of UV and blue light irradiation without substantial photobleaching.įe–N–C single-atomic metal site catalysts (SACs) have garnered tremendous interest in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) to substitute Pt-based catalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. By coupling our TPS to an existing aptamer, we can reversibly modulate its binding affinity with less than 15 s of UV light exposure. After optimizing the performance of our photoswitch design, we used molecular dynamics simulations to reveal how individual azobenzenes contribute to the stabilization or destabilization of the triplex depending on their photoisomerization state. Here, we report the design of an intramolecular triplex photoswitch (TPS) design based on single-stranded DNA that undergoes rapid and reversible photoswitching between folded and unfolded states through isomerization of internal azobenzene modifications.

However, most current photoresponsive DNA switches are limited by either irreversible switching or reversible switching with impractically slow kinetics. The proposed NDR behavior model would provide a reference for the design and application of wearable intelligent textiles.ĭNA switches that can change conformation in response to certain wavelengths of light could enable rapid and noninvasive control of chemical processes for a wide range of applications. Based on the neural spiking-like tensile response, we further demonstrated the application potential of the textile strain sensor in threshold detection and near-sensor signal processing. The results showed that the dominant factor in generating the NDR effect is the relative displacement of fibers within the textile bundles.

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Based on the in situ characterization of tensile morphology and measurement, we conducted quantitative behavior analyses to reveal the origin of tensile electrical responses in the full range comprehensively. The pioneering measurement of single fiber bundles confirmed the existence of the NDR effect on the subgeometry scale. Therefore, we examined a graphene textile strain sensor with a conspicuous NDR tensile response, providing a requisite research platform for mechanism investigation. However, the textile’s complex and anisotropic substructure leads to a negative differential resistance (NDR) response, lacking a deeper understanding of the mechanism. The flexible strain sensors based on the textile substrate have natural flexibility, high sensitivity, and wide-range tensile response.